BASIC ICT SKILLS - I (Question & Answers)

BASIC ICT SKILLS-I

Short Answer Questions-I

1. What do you understand by ICI?

Ans, ICT is known as Information and Communications Technology which emphasizes on imparting knowledge in the field of education. 

2. What are the different types of ICT tools?

Ans. Some commonly used ICT tools are mobile, tablet, radio, television and email. These tools help in the communication and broadcasting of information.

3. What is an input device?

Ans. A device that lets you enter data or instructions in a computer is known as an input device. For example, you enter text in a document using a keyboard.

4. What is an output device?

Ans. An output device is an electronic equipment that is connected to a computer and is used to communicate results of the processed data to the user. Monitor is.one of the most common output devices.

5. What are storage devices in a computer?

Ans. The devices that are used to store data are known as storage devices. For example, hard disk and CD are the most commonly used hardware devices. 

Short Answer Questions-II

1. Discuss any three storage devices used in computer.

Ans. The three storage devices in a computer are as follows:

• Floppy Disk: A floppy disk is the oldest type of secondary storage device that is used to transfer data between computers as well as store data and information. A floppy disk, made up of a flexible substance called Mylar, consists of a magnetic surface that allows data storage. Its structure is divided into track and sectors. A track of a floppy disk consists of concentric circles, which is further divided into smaller sections called sectors. The data is stored in these sectors. The maximum storage capacity of a floppy disk is 1.44 MB.
• Hard Disk: The hard disk in your system is known as the data center of the PC. It is used to store all your programs and data. The hard disk is the most important storage type among various types of secondary storage devices used in a PC, such as CD, DVD and Pen Drive. The hard disk differs from other storage devices on three counts — size, speed, and performance. The advantages of using a hard disk are: 
• Large storage capacity. 
• Retrieving and storing speed of data is faster than in the floppy disk. 
• You can upgrade your hard disk if required.
• Compact Disc: A compact disc, also known as CD, is an optical media that is used to store digital data. The compact discs are cheaper than other storage devices, such as hard disk or RAM. The compact disc was developed to store and playback sound recordings. However, later on, it came to be used as a data storage mechanism. 

2. What are the benefits of 1CT in education?

Ans. The following are the benefits of ICT in education: 

• The use of computers in the education domain has simplified the learning of students. 
• By using ICT, teachers of primary and secondary schools have made the learning of students interactive and enjoyable.
• Generally, students find images and pictorial representations of concepts more interesting as compared to theoretical knowledge. Therefore, teachers explain complex topics in a simplified manner by using images, videos, and simulations.
• The use of ICT in education has brought a positive impact on the success of students from various perspectives, such as knowledge, comprehension, practical and presentation skills.

3. Discuss the operations that can be performed using a mouse.

Ans. A mouse may contain either two or three buttons. Each mouse button is used to perform different mouse operations. When you select an item on the screen, you need to click the left mouse button once. Double-clicking the left mouse button on a folder or file opens that folder or file. You can also perform the dragging operation using the left button of the mouse. In dragging, you can change the position of an item on a screen. For performing the dragging operation, hold down the left mouse button on an item. Now, move the item on the screen by keeping the left mouse button pressed. The middle button of the mouse is used to move the scrollbar up and down in a document. The right-hand side button of the mouse is used for viewing the various options related to an item on the screen. When you right-click on an item, a list of options appears on your screen. This list of options is known as context menu. 

4. Explain different types of DVDs.

Ans. The different types of DVDs are as follows:

• DVD-R: DVD-R uses the WORM technology and is similar to CD-R. DVD-R discs are available in 4.7 GB and 9.4 GB capacities. The data is written on the disc only once. The disc can be read by DVD-ROM drives only. 
• DVD-ROM: DVD-ROM is an optical disc that is capable of storing data from 4.7 GB up to 17 GB. Earlier, you could play a DVD only on a DVD player. However, nowadays, computers come with a built-in ROM to play DVDs. Moreover, now DVDs also serve as a high-capacity data storage medium.
• DVD-RW: DVD-RW (DVD-Rewritable) is similar to DVD-R except that you can erase and rewrite information on it. DVD-RW uses 4.7 GB discs and most DVD-ROM drives and DVD players support this format. The phase-change technology of DVD-RW is similar to the phase-change technology of CD-RW. The DVD-RW discs can be written multiple times. This technology is sometimes known as DVD-RIW.

5. Write the steps of renaming a folder?

Ans. The steps of renaming a folder are as follows: Renaming a file or a folder means changing the existing name of the file or folder. Perform the following steps to rename the files or folders in your computer:

1. Navigate to the location where the file or folder is present in your computer system.
2. Select the file or folder you want to rename.
3. Right-click the file or folder you want to rename. A context menu appears.
4. Select the Rename option from the context menu. The current name of the file or folder gets changed into an editable mode.
5. Enter the name of the file or folder and press the Enter key. The file or folder gets renamed. 

Long Answer Questions :

1. What are the different components of a hard disk?

Ans. The hard disk in your system is known as the data center of the PC. It is used to store all your programs and data. The hard disk is the most important storage type among various types of secondary storage devices used in a PC such as CD, DVD and Pen Drive. A hard disk stores information on one or more circular platters, which are continually spinning disks. These platters are coated with a magnetic material and are stacked on top of each other with some space between each platter. While the platter is spinning, information is recorded on the surface with the help of magnetic heads as magnetic spots. The information is recorded in bands; each band of information is called a track. The tracks are, in turn, divided into pie-shaped sections known as sectors. Common elements of a hard disk are described as follows:

• Platters: The platters are the actual disks inside the drive that store data. Most drives have at least two platters. The larger the storage capacity of the drive, the more platters it contains. Each platter can store data on each side. So, a drive with 2 platters has 4 sides to store data.
• Spindle and Spindle Motor: The platters in a drive are separated by disk spacers and are clamped to a rotating spindle that turns all the platters together. The spindle motor is built right into the spindle or mounted directly below it and spins the platters at a constant set rate ranging from 3,600 to 7,200 rpm (rotations per minute).
• Read/Write Heads: The read/write heads read and write data to the platters. There is typically one head per platter side and each head is attached to a single. actuator shaft so that all the heads move in unison. When one head is over a track, all the other heads are at the same location over their respective surfaces. Typically, only one of the heads is active at a time, i.e., reading or writing data.
• Head Actuator: All the heads are attached to a single head actuator or actuator arm that moves the heads around the platters. 

2. Discuss the relation between websites and Web pages.

Ans. When you search for any information on the Internet, the information is displayed as a list of websites through your Web browser. You can click any of the websites to access the relevant information displayed in the form of Web pages. A Web page is, therefore, a hypertext document that contains the information. It may contain hyperlinks that you can click to navigate to another section on the same Web page or a different Web page. A website is a collection of the related Web pages linked to each other by hyperlinks. These Web pages are stored on a computer, which is called a server. A server is a computer that serves or attends to the requests of the other computers. You can access a website from your computer by typing its address in the Address bar of the Web browser.

3. What is a pen drive? Explain the significance of using a pen drive in a computer.

Ans. A pen drive is a data storage device. It is also known as a Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash drive, which is typically a small, lightweight, removable and rewritable device. It is more compact and faster than other external storage medium and stores more data. The flash memory neither has parts that can be shifted as in the case of the magnetic storage device nor it uses lasers like optical drivers. On the other hand, the functioning of the flash memory is similar to that of RAM, with the only difference that in the case of power failure, the data stored in a flash memory is not destroyed. USB flash drive mainly comes in two variants, that is, USB 2.0 and USB 3.0. USB 3.0 flash drive works faster than USB 2.0.